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    • 专利摘要:
    SYSTEM AND METHOD FOR CHARGING MOTOR VEHICLES WITH ELECTRIC ENERGY The charging system comprises: . two chargers (2) which provide instant electrical energy for charging an electrical device, . an electric chain (3) which connects the two chargers (2), . three charging terminals (4) electrically connected to the chargers (2) via the electric chain (3), . a switching system (6) which connects or not a charging terminal (4) to the first or to the second charger (2), . a control system (8) which controls the switching system (6). Figure for abstract: Fig. 1
    公开号:FR3095992A1
    申请号:FR1904994
    申请日:2019-05-14
    公开日:2020-11-20
    发明作者:Hadi Moussavi
    申请人:Hadi Moussavi；
    IPC主号:
    专利说明:

    [0001] The present invention relates to systems and methods for charging electrical devices, in particular electrically chargeable motor vehicles, with electrical energy.
    [0002] More specifically, the invention relates to a motor vehicle charging system.
    [0003] For a hundred years, motor vehicles have essentially been powered by energy from fossil sources. For decades, the way of distributing energy to motor vehicles has implemented stations, at which the fuel tank of the vehicle is filled in a few seconds. These stations allow flexibility, offering different types of fuels from fossil sources. In addition, motor vehicles being intended to move, the result is a fine territorial network of stations.
    [0004] In recent years, more and more motor vehicles need to be charged with a complementary or alternative source of energy, such as electricity in the case of hybrid fossil fuel/electric vehicles, or all-electric vehicles. The autonomy of a vehicle equipped with an on-board alternative energy tank is generally lower. In addition, the charging time of such a tank is longer than for fossil energy. In addition, there are many new energy systems, so it becomes complicated to have all the services in the station. In addition, there are still few vehicles powered by alternative energies, which does not justify each station equipping itself with numerous alternative energy charging systems. This results in a paradigm shift in the motor vehicle energy charging system. This paradigm shift has led to the relocation of the charging service from traditional stations to parking places. Today, energy charging is possible in many reserved locations arranged in the immediate vicinity of an energy source.
    [0005] However, this solution is not optimal because, if there are not enough of them, the reserved equipment is all occupied, which prevents the charging of a motor vehicle. And, if there are enough of them, they are often unoccupied, which is problematic with respect to traditional vehicles. This solution is therefore not flexible enough to meet the mobility needs of users and the rapid increase in the number of vehicles using alternative energy sources.
    [0006] US 2018/254,643 describes a system for timing the charging of electric vehicles. However, this system remains greedy in terms of infrastructure.
    [0007] The invention thus aims to improve the availability of electrical energy charging systems for motor vehicles.
    [0008] Thus, the invention relates to a system for charging electrical devices with electrical energy comprising: . at least a first and a second charger, each charger being suitable for supplying instantaneous electrical energy for charging an electrical device, . an electric chain connecting the first and second chargers, . at least a first, a second and a third charging terminal, each charging terminal being electrically connectable to each of the first and second chargers via the electric chain, . a switching system adapted to alternately connect or not each charging terminal to the first or to the second charger, . a control system adapted to repeatedly control the switching system to electrically connect one of the charging terminals to the first charger through the electric string and another of the charging terminals to the second charger through the string electric.
    [0009] Thanks to these arrangements, many electric vehicles can be charged over a given period of time using fewer chargers. Parking spaces may not be reserved for electric vehicles only.
    [0010] Depending on various aspects, it is possible to provide one and/or the other of the provisions below.
    [0011] According to one embodiment, the control system comprises a computerized reception module adapted to receive electrical device charging information comprising at least one identifier of a charging terminal to which the electrical device is connected, and the control system comprises a processor adapted to determine, in a repeated manner, a map of connections between the charging terminals and the chargers, as a function at least of the charging information received.
    [0012] According to one embodiment, the processor is suitable for determining the map of connections from further information chosen from among: . instantaneous time information provided by a clock; . information on the time of arrival of an electrical device at a charging station; . information on the estimated departure time of an electrical device from the charging station; . information on the estimated duration of presence of an electrical device at a charging station; . information on the initial charge level of an electrical device; . desired final charge level information for an electrical device; . instantaneous charge level information for an electrical device.
    [0013] According to one embodiment, the switching system comprises a switching device associated respectively with each charging terminal.
    [0014] According to one embodiment, the switching system comprises a plurality of switching devices, each switching device being able alternately: - electrically connect the location associated with the switching device with the electrical chain on a first side, - electrically connect the location associated with the switching device with the electrical chain on a second side, - allow electrical energy to pass without connecting the slot associated with the switching device, - open the electric chain.
    [0015] According to one embodiment, the switching system comprises a switching device associated with at least one charger.
    [0016] According to one embodiment, the switching device associated with a charging terminal and the switching device associated with a charger have the same electrical diagram.
    [0017] According to one embodiment, at least one of the chargers is mobile, the control system being adapted to repeatedly control the switching system to electrically connect one of the charging terminals to the first charger via the electric chain and another of the charging terminals to the second charger through the electric chain depending on the location of the chargers.
    [0018] According to one embodiment, the mobile charger is connected to the electric chain via a charging terminal.
    [0019] According to one embodiment, the mobile charger is an electric vehicle.
    [0020] According to another aspect, the invention relates to a method for charging electrical devices with electrical energy in which, having: . at least a first and a second charger, each charger being suitable for supplying instantaneous electrical energy for charging an electrical device, . an electric chain connecting the first and second chargers, . at least a first, a second and a third charging terminal, each charging terminal being electrically connectable to each of the first and second chargers via the electric chain, . a switching system adapted to alternately connect or not each charging terminal to the first or to the second charger, - a control system repeatedly controls the switching system to electrically connect one of the charging terminals to the first charger via the electric chain and another of the charging terminals to the second charger via the electric chain .
    [0021] According to another aspect, the invention relates to a computer program comprising instructions which, when the program is executed by a computer, lead the latter to implement this method.
    [0022] Embodiments of the invention will be described below with reference to the drawings, briefly described below:
    [0023] FIG. 1 schematically represents a charging system according to one embodiment.
    [0024] Figure 2 schematically represents a charging terminal equipping the charging system of Figure 1.
    [0025] Figure 3 schematically represents a switching device equipping the charging system of Figure 1.
    [0026] Figures 4 to 10 are diagrams similar to Figure 1, each illustrating another embodiment.
    [0027] In the drawings, identical references designate identical or similar objects.
    [0028] schematically represents a charging system 1 according to one embodiment. Charging system 1 includes a first charger 2a and a second charger 2b. Here, the chargers can be designated either by the general reference “2”, or individually by the reference “2” followed by a letter. Each charger 2 is connected to an energy source, and is capable, instantaneously, of supplying electric energy to an electric vehicle, according to a particular charging mode. In the present example, for simplicity, each electric charger 2 implements a single particular charging mode, namely, for example, a so-called “fast” charge according to the standards published and in force on the priority date of the present application. patent. This is for example a direct current load, of power equal to or greater than 10 kW, or even 50 kW, or even 100 kW. The energy source from which the energy supplied by the charger 2 comes is for example one and/or the other of the electrical network, of a renewable energy source, of energy storage (battery , fuel cell with hydrogen storage, etc.).
    [0029] In this example, the two chargers 2a, 2b are distant from each other.
    [0030] The charging system 1 comprises an electric chain 3 extending from one of the two chargers to the other. The electrical chain 3 is capable of transporting the electrical energy coming from a charger.
    [0031] Charging system 1 further comprises a plurality of charging terminals. Here, the charging stations can be designated either by the general reference "4", or individually by the reference "4" followed by a letter. The number of charging terminals 4 is strictly greater than the number of chargers 2. The charging terminals 4 are interposed between the two chargers 2. Moreover, in the example presented, the charging terminals 4 are interposed one between the other . More precisely, a charging terminal 4a, the closest to the charger 2a, is interposed between the charger 2a and a charging terminal 4b. The charging terminal 4b is interposed between the charging terminal 4a and a charging terminal 4c. And so on, up to the 4h charging terminal interposed between the 4g charging terminal and the 2b charger.
    [0032] The charging terminals 4 are arranged along the electrical chain 3. Thus, by “interposed between” two devices, it is meant that the charging terminal is between the two other devices along the electrical chain 3.
    [0033] Each charging terminal 4 serves an electric vehicle charging location. Here, the charging slots can be designated either by the general reference "5", or individually by the reference "5" followed by a letter. The letter designating the charging slot is the same as the letter designating the charging station associated with the charging slot.
    [0034] Each charging location 5 is capable of receiving an electric vehicle capable of being charged with electrical energy by the charging system 1 via the associated charging terminal 4.
    [0035] The charging system includes a switching system 6. The switching system 6 includes a set of switching devices. The switching devices can be designated either by the general reference "7", or individually by the reference "7" followed by a letter. A switching device 7 is associated with each charging terminal 4. The letter designating the switching device is the same as the letter designating the charging terminal associated with the switching device.
    [0036] Each switching device 7 is electrically connected to the charging terminal 4 with which it is associated. The switching devices 7 are also interposed one between the other along the electric chain.
    [0037] In addition, switching devices 7 are connected one by one by an electric line included in the electric chain 3. More specifically, in the example presented, a switching device 7a, associated and connected to the charging terminal 4a, is also connected to charger 2a and adjacent switching device 7b. The switching device 7b, associated and connected to the charging terminal 4b, is connected to the preceding switching device 7a, and also to the next adjacent switching device 7c. In this example, this configuration is reproduced up to the switching device 7h, associated and connected to the charging terminal 4g, which is connected to the switching device 7g and to the charger 2b.
    [0038] A switching device 7 is adapted to be able to be switched between several configurations. Depending on the configurations (for the illustrative example of charging station 4a): - The switching device 7a allows electrical connection of the charging terminal 4a with which it is associated with the charger 2a, - the switching device 7a allows electrical connection of the charging terminal 4a with which it is associated with the charger 2b, - the switching device 7a does not connect the charging terminal 4a with which it is associated with any charger and allows the current to pass along the electrical chain 3, - The switching device 7a does not connect the charging terminal 4a with which it is associated with any charger and does not let the current flow.
    [0039] In addition, the switching system 6 is configured so that, if a charging terminal 4c is connected to a charger 2a, the charging terminals interposed between the charging terminal 4c and the charger 2a are all connected to no charger and pass the stream. References "4c" and "2a" are illustrative only.
    [0040] It follows that, instantaneously, a charger 2 is connected to at most a single charging terminal 4.
    [0041] The charging system 1 also comprises a control system 8. The control system 8 is in communication, wired or wireless, with each of the switching devices 7. The control system 8 is configured to repeatedly control the switching devices 7 between their four configurations.
    [0042] The control system 8 is clocked by a clock, for example according to a predetermined rate. The rate can for example be parameterized, and modified over time. According to an exemplary embodiment, the rate is one verification operation of a need for switching every 5 minutes. It is for example possible to provide an operation for verifying a need for switching according to a frequency comprised between once every ten seconds and once every twenty minutes.
    [0043] This determination is not necessarily periodic. For example, provision can be made for a new switching necessity verification operation to be implemented on connection of a new vehicle or on disconnection of a new vehicle.
    [0044] When an operation for verifying a need for switching is triggered, the control system 8 verifies the need for switching. Depending on the result of this operation, either the control system 8 does not control any switching, or the control system 8 controls one or more switchings of the switching devices 7. Since each switching device 7 has four configurations, we call “ switching” the switching of a switching device 7 from its current configuration to another configuration. As will be seen below, this switch control may require the switching of several individual switches.
    [0045] schematically represents a charging station 4. The charging station 4 may comprise a support 9 delimited by a casing 10, and fixed to the ground. The support 9 receives a charging cable 11 comprising a first end 11a and an opposite second end 11b. The first end 11a is electrically connected to the switching device 7. The second end 11b comprises a charging interface adapted to be electrically connected to a complementary charging interface of the electric vehicle.
    [0046] Although, in the diagram, the switching device 7 is shown as integrated into the charging terminal 4, this is not necessarily the case. The switching device 7 can be adjacent to the charging terminal, or connected between two adjacent charging terminals.
    [0047] As will be understood from the following description, the charging terminal 4 can comprise various electronic components. These can be electrically powered by an electrical connection from the charging terminal 4 to the mains. This electrical connection can, if necessary, be made via the electrical chain 3. In particular, as shown in Figure 2, the electrical chain 3 comprises, upstream of the charging terminal 4, an electrical harness which comprises one or more wires which are electrically connected to the switching device 7, and one or more wires which are electrically connected to the electronic components of the charging terminal 4 (materialized, in the example, by the man-machine interface 12 presented below) for powering these components.
    [0048] The charging terminal 4 can also comprise a man-machine interface 12 adapted to allow communication between the motor vehicle associated with the charging terminal 4 and the charging system 1. Several variants are possible for the man-machine interface 12. According to one example, provision may be made for the man-machine interface 12 to comprise means for sending information to the user and/or means for receiving information from the user. According to the embodiments, it is possible, for example, to provide a screen and keyboard system, or a screen equipped with a touch screen, and/or a communication system with a portable computer device of the user, and/or with a computer device of the vehicle, making it possible to exchange information via the man-machine interface of one and/or the other of these computing devices.
    [0049] The charging system 1 comprises a communication system adapted to allow the transfer of information between the various components which need it. The man-machine interface 12 described above forms part of this communication system. The communication system can also comprise a communication system between the charging terminal 4 and the control system 8. The control system 8 therefore comprises an information reception module. Provision is made, for example, for wired communication between the charging terminal 4 and the control system 8, to transmit information between the charging terminal 4 and the control system 8. In particular, the electrical chain 3 can be used for the transmission of these information. This therefore comprises wires which allow the transfer of information between the charging terminal 4 and the control system 8, for example via the charger 2a. The information in question includes for example that entered, or part of that entered via the man-machine interface 12 of the charging terminal 4. The information in question may also include information from the vehicle (for example from the battery of the vehicle), and transmitted by the vehicle to the charging station 4. The information in question may also include an identifier of the charging station 4 to be associated with the above-mentioned information.
    [0050] Alternatively, the communication system may include a communication system between the control system 8 and the user directly. It is for example possible to provide a wireless communication system between the control system 8 and the user's portable computer device, and/or with a vehicle computer device.
    [0051] According to one example, the information communicated to the control system 8 can comprise one and/or the other of the following information, associated with each other: . an identifier of an electric vehicle; . an identifier of a user; . an identifier of a charging station; . information on the time of arrival of an electric vehicle at a charging station; . information on the estimated departure time of an electric vehicle from the charging station; . information on the estimated duration of presence of an electric vehicle at a charging station; . information on the initial charge level of an electric vehicle; . desired final charge level information for an electric vehicle; . instantaneous charge level information for an electric vehicle.
    [0052] In addition, the control system 8 has instantaneous time information provided by a clock.
    [0053] The information in question is either provided by the user, the vehicle, the charging station, or, in certain cases, estimated by the control system 8.
    [0054] The control system 8 comprises a processor adapted to determine, repeatedly, a mapping of connections between the charging terminals and the chargers, according to the information available. The connection map is determined by the processor in order to respond optimally to a charging request by electric vehicles. The optimal way is determined by one or more rules stored and accessible to the processor. These rules are, if necessary, configurable.
    [0055] To determine the connection map, the processor can for example take into account the current connection map.
    [0056] Following the establishment of the connection map, the control system 8 can control the switching of one or more switching devices 7, to respect the determined connection map.
    [0057] In some cases, the connection map determined is unchanged with respect to the previous connection map and, in this case, the control system does not control any switching.
    [0058] schematically represents a switching device 7 according to one embodiment. The switching device 7 comprises three connection interfaces: A connection interface 13a with the first charger 2a, a connection interface 13b with the second charger 2b, A connection interface 13c with the cable 11.
    [0059] The switching device 7 comprises electrical wirings making it possible to establish various electrical connections. Electrical wiring can be designated either by the general reference "15", or individually by the reference "15" followed by a letter. The switching device 7 comprises various individual switches. The individual switches can be designated either by the general reference "14", or individually by the reference "14" followed by a letter. Different variants of the arrangement presented are possible to obtain the same switching functions.
    [0060] An electrical wiring 15a connects the connection interfaces 13a and 13b. A switch 14a equips this electrical wiring. An electrical wiring 15b connects the connection interface 13a to the connection interface 13c. A switch 14b equips this electrical wiring. An electrical wiring 15c connects the connection interface 13b to the connection interface 13c. A switch 14c equips this electrical wiring. A security system is configured so that only one of the switches 14a, 14b, 14c can be closed at a time.
    [0061] Each individual switch 14 can alternately assume the closed state (the current passes) or the open state (the current does not pass).
    [0062] In the diagram of figure 3, all the switches are in the open state. Therefore, in this configuration, cable 11 is not powered.
    [0063] The following configurations of the switching device 7 are possible (“F” represents the “closed” state, and “O” represents the “open” state):
    [0064] # Switch 14a Switch 14b 14c switch Configuration AA O O O Open CC O F O Vehicle charging by charger 2a (first side) EE O O F Vehicle charging by charger 2b (second side) FF F O O Transmission of energy beyond the switching device
    [0065] Charger 2a charge configurations require the 13a interface to be electrically connected to it. Thus, the intermediate switching devices 7 between the one described and the charger 2a must be in the “FF” configuration.
    [0066] Charging configurations by charger 2b require interface 13b to be electrically connected to it. Thus, the intermediate switching devices 7 between the one described and the charger 2b must be in the "FF" configuration.
    [0067] The table above therefore schematically represents the charging of two vehicles at the charging locations 5c and 5g by the chargers 2a and 2b.
    [0068] 2a 7a 7b 7c 7d 7th 7f 7g 7am 2bFF FF CC N / A N / A N / A EE FF
    [0069] The “CC” configuration of the switching device 7c and the “EE” configuration of the switching device 7g electrically isolate the circuit elements arranged between them even if the configuration of these latter elements is not the open configuration.
    [0070] It will be noted that, if as described below, switching devices also equip the chargers, the switching device of the charger 2a, in this scenario, is in the "EE" configuration, and the switching device of the charger 2b, in this scenario, is in “CC” configuration.
    [0071] The implementation of an embodiment of the invention will be described below.
    [0072] It can be assumed that initially no electric vehicles are connected to charging system 1. Fossil fuel vehicles may be parked at various locations but are not connected. If no vehicle is connected, the control system 8 can be deactivated. All of the switching devices 7 can be in their open “AA” configuration.
    [0073] A first electric vehicle VE1 is parked at a location. To fix ideas, the electric vehicle VE1 parks in location 5c. The user of the electric vehicle VE1 electrically connects the vehicle using cable 11 from terminal 4c.
    [0074] The control system 8 receives the following information: the identifier of the charging terminal 4c from the latter, information on the time of arrival of the electric vehicle at the charging terminal 4c from a clock, information on the level of charge EV initialization from the EV processor. For example, this information is transmitted by a wireless communication system between each charging station and the control system 8. Connecting the charging station to the electric vehicle triggers the sending of information from the charging station 4c to the control system 8. The clock is for example centralized at the level of the control system 8.
    [0075] The control system 8 can also receive one and/or the other of the following pieces of information from the user: information on the estimated time of departure of the vehicle, or information on the estimated duration of the presence of the vehicle at the charging station , and desired final charge level information for the electric vehicle associated with the charging station.
    [0076] As discussed above, this information is provided by the user via the human-machine interface of the charging station, a portable processor of the user, and/or a processor of the vehicle. If necessary, failing to receive this information, the control system may use pre-recorded parameters. According to one example, the estimated duration of presence is fixed at a predetermined value, for example two hours (parameterized according to the operation of the system, for example between one hour and ten hours). According to one example, the desired final charge level information for the electric vehicle can for example be set to "full of energy" or to "without setpoint", in which case the control system 8 will charge the vehicle as best as possible according to the other constraints.
    [0077] At a certain moment, the control system 8 establishes the connection map.
    [0078] Given that only one vehicle is to be charged, the control system 8 establishes a connection map by which the vehicle of the location 5c is charged by an available charger, for example the charger 2a.
    [0079] The control system 8 controls the switching system 6 to electrically connect the charging terminal 4c to the first charger 2a via the electric chain 3.
    [0080] The map is as follows:
    [0081] 2a 7a 7b 7c 7d 7th 7f 7g 7am 2bFF FF CC N / A N / A N / A N / A N / A
    [0082] It will be noted that as an alternative, the vehicle could be charged by the charger 2b. The connection map would then be different.
    [0083] Regularly, the control system 8 establishes a connection map. As long as the electric vehicle is charging, a priori, it is not necessary to change the connection map.
    [0084] If the electric vehicle reaches the charging set point, or if the charging service is interrupted, the control system 8 is interrupted.
    [0085] In some cases, the vehicle VE1 is being charged when a second electric vehicle VE2 requests access to the service. The request for access to the service for the vehicle VE2 is made in the same way as for the vehicle VE1, described above.
    [0086] To fix ideas, in a first embodiment, the second electric vehicle VE2 parks in location 5g.
    [0087] At a certain moment, the control system 8 establishes the connection map.
    [0088] Given that only two vehicles are to be loaded, the control system 8 establishes a connection map by which each charger loads the vehicle closest to it.
    [0089] The map is as follows:
    [0090] 2a 7a 7b 7c 7d 7th 7f 7g 7am 2bFF FF CC N / A N / A N / A EE FF
    [0091] Regularly, the control system 8 establishes a connection map. As long as electric vehicles charge, a priori, the connection map will not change.
    [0092] If one of the electric vehicles reaches its charging setpoint, we return to a configuration where only one electric vehicle is to be charged, namely the one that has not reached its setpoint.
    [0093] In this case, we find ourselves in the configuration described above with a single vehicle to be loaded.
    [0094] In another case, the beneficiary vehicle VE2 will park at an intermediate location between the charging terminal of the vehicle VE1 and the charger supplying it, for example at location 5b. In this case, the control system 8 will disconnect the electric vehicle VE1 from the first charger and connect it to the second charger 2b, and connect the charging vehicle VE2 to the first charger 2a according to the following map:
    [0095] 2a 7a 7b 7c 7d 7th 7f 7g 7am 2bFF CC EE FF FF FF FF FF
    [0096] In some cases, a third VE3 electric vehicle will request access to the charging service.
    [0097] For example, we place ourselves in a starting configuration as presented in the table above, where vehicles to be loaded are at locations 5b and 5c.
    [0098] Charging system 1 can only charge two vehicles simultaneously.
    [0099] At a certain moment, the control system 8 establishes the connection map.
    [0100] This connection map is drawn up in such a way as to optimize the provision of the service to all applicants.
    [0101] This goal can be achieved by determining the least bad instantaneous configuration.
    [0102] The criteria making it possible to determine the least bad instantaneous configuration are parameterized in the control system 8.
    [0103] The control system 8 therefore determines which are the two vehicles to be electrically charged during the next time interval. This determination can take into account information on the instantaneous charge level of the electric vehicles requesting the service. This information can be communicated either by the motor vehicle, or estimated by the control system 8 from the initial charge level and the charge level transmitted to this vehicle.
    [0104] This determination can be carried out for example by searching for a minimum for a cost function determined or parameterized in the control system 8. The cost function aims to ensure that the response to the constraints of all the vehicles.
    [0105] For example, if the estimated departure time of the vehicle VE1 is close, and that it is far from being loaded up to the desired level of charge at the start, that the level of charge desired by the vehicle VE3 is "free" , and that the estimated departure times of the vehicles VE2 and VE3 are further away than that of the vehicle VE1, an optimal connection map can be, for the next time interval, to load the vehicles VE1 and VE2, and not to load the VE3 vehicle.
    [0106] Continuing from the previous example, and assuming vehicle VE3 is parked at location 5g, the splice map can be determined as follows:
    [0107] 2a 7a 7b 7c 7d 7th 7f 7g 7am 2bFF CC N / A N / A N / A N / A EE FF
    [0108] To limit the switching cycles, it is possible to keep the switching devices 7c-7f in their previous configuration. These are in any case isolated in view of the configuration of the switching devices 7b and 7g.
    [0109] Alternatively, in this example, the control system can determine that the vehicles to be loaded are the vehicles VE2 and VE1, respectively at locations 5b and 5c, and in this case the arrival of the vehicle VE3 does not change the connection map presented above in the case where there are only two vehicles.
    [0110] Alternatively, in this example, the control system can determine that the vehicles to be loaded are vehicles VE1 and VE3, respectively at locations 5c and 5g, and in this case the connection map can be determined as follows:
    [0111] 2a 7a 7b 7c 7d 7th 7f 7g 7am 2bFF FF CC N / A N / A N / A EE FF
    [0112] In the event that one of the vehicles interrupted the service, the next stage of determination would be made with the remaining vehicles. We then return to the two-vehicle configuration presented above.
    [0113] In the case of three vehicles being loaded, the control system 8 regularly redefines the loading map according to the information available at that moment. In fact, the charging speed may decrease as the vehicle battery charge percentage reaches high levels. It would then be wiser to give charging priority back to a vehicle with a low level of charge. For example, if two vehicles being loaded are close to reaching the required level of charge, it becomes more and more penalizing not to load the third vehicle at all.
    [0114] At any time, a fourth vehicle may request access to the service.
    [0115] The operation, described above, for three vehicles, can be extended to four vehicles.
    [0116] In the example shown, the number of slots between the two chargers is eight. In this example, up to eight vehicles can simultaneously access the service provided by two chargers.
    [0117] The total number of slots served by the two chargers depends on the configuration of the system installation.
    [0118] The invention is of particular interest as soon as the number of slots is strictly greater than the number of chargers.
    [0119] In theory, there is no limit to the maximum number of locations served by the two chargers. However, for practical reasons, and to maximize the chances of being able to provide efficient service, the number of locations served by two chargers can typically be less than 50, or even 20, or even 10.
    [0120] A high number of slots is possible in parking areas where the density of electric vehicles is low, and where the time intervals for charging electric vehicles are highly variable depending on the vehicle. Thus, fossil fuel vehicles can park on spaces, which are not reserved for electric vehicles.
    [0121] For the management of electric vehicle fleets, where the density of electric vehicles is high, and where all the electric vehicles are to be charged at the same time, a reduced number of slots per charger is preferred.
    [0122] schematically represents a second embodiment of the invention.
    [0123] This embodiment differs from the embodiment presented above in that charging slots 5 are arranged on either side of the charger 2b. In particular, the 5i-5l charging slots are associated with 4i-4l charging terminals which are connected to the charger 2b via an electric chain 3'. Thus, in this configuration, the charger 2b can alternatively transmit electrical charging energy to the charging terminals 4a-4h via the electrical chain 3, or to the charging terminals 4i-4l via the electrical chain 3'. The 2a charger cannot supply the 4i-4l load terminals.
    [0124] schematically represents a third embodiment of the invention.
    [0125] This embodiment differs from the embodiment presented above, in that a third charger 2c is arranged at the end of the chain 3'. More precisely, the charging terminals 4a-4h are arranged between the chargers 2a and 2b, and powered by one or the other via the electric chain 3, and the charging terminals 4i-4l are arranged between the chargers 2b and 2c, and supplied by one or the other via the electric chain 3'.
    [0126] It should be noted that, in this embodiment, the charger 2b is able to supply each of the charging terminals 4a-4l.
    [0127] schematically represents a fourth embodiment of the invention.
    [0128] This embodiment differs from the embodiment presented above in that charging slots 5 are arranged on either side of the charger 2c. In particular, the 5m-5p charging slots are associated with 4m-4p charging terminals which are connected to the 2c charger via a 3" electric chain. Thus, in this configuration, the charger 2c can alternatively transmit electrical charging energy to the charging terminals 4i-4l via the electric chain 3', or to the charging terminals 4m-4p via the chain 3'' electric. In addition, the 3” electric chain is connected to the 2a charger. Thus, the charger 2a can alternatively transmit electrical charging energy to the charging terminals 4a-4h via the electrical chain 3, or to the charging terminals 4m-4p via the electrical chain 3''. This embodiment differs from the previous one in that the circuit made by the electric chains 3, 3', 3'' is closed. More specifically, as in the first embodiment, each charging terminal can be powered by two chargers as desired.
    [0129] schematically represents a fifth embodiment of the invention.
    [0130] This embodiment comprises two chargers 2a, 2b, interconnected on the one hand by an electric chain 3, and on the other hand by an electric chain 3', each serving various charging locations 5.
    [0131] schematically represents a sixth embodiment of the invention.
    [0132] This embodiment is in fact similar to that of FIG. 7, except that the two chargers 2a, 2b are juxtaposed. In practice, the two chargers could share the same box.
    [0133] Other configurations can be considered based on the configurations described above. In particular, provision can be made to equip a car park with numerous chargers connected two by two by electric chains, according to a wide variety of configurations.
    [0134] schematically represents a seventh embodiment of the invention. This embodiment differs from the embodiment above in that the charger 2 is connected to three electric chains 3, 3', 3''.
    [0135] Alternatively, a charger can be connected to more than three power chains.
    [0136] According to one embodiment, provision could be made for at least one of the chargers 2a, 2b, 2c to be mobile. Reference is made, for example, to the mobile chargers described in US patent 9,592,742 or in international patent application WO 2018/140,886. Such mobile chargers can be used to charge remote electric vehicles, parked in locations not equipped by the invention. Also, if the constraints imposed by the electric vehicles to be charged allow it, and if charging slots 5 are available for a mobile charger to park there, the control system can determine a connection map that supplies the mobile charger. The mobile charger can then connect electrically to the electric chain via a charging terminal 4.
    [0137] represents for example a first configuration, in which the control system 8 controls two chargers 2a, 2b.
    [0138] If the control system 8 determines that it will not be able to provide the requested service, it can order a mobile charger 2c to additionally connect to the system. In a second configuration, the system is then in accordance with Figure 6, where the mobile charger 2c is inserted between the chargers 2a and 2b.
    [0139] For example, slot 5q includes a switching device 7 as described above. In the configuration of FIG. 10, the switching device 7 is either in its open "AA" configuration or in its "FF" configuration allowing the electrical energy coming from the charger 2a to supply vehicles downstream of the location 5q, or electrical energy from the charger 2b to supply vehicles downstream of the location 5q.
    [0140] The mobile charger 2c can be connected to the interface 13c of the switching device 7 of the charging terminal 4q. In this case, information available to the control system 8 is that the location 5q contains an energy source.
    [0141] It will be noted that, in the example presented above, it is the control system 8 which controls the connection to the system of a mobile charger. However, as a variant, the mobile chargers can be moved independently of a command by the control system 8. In this case, the control system 8 simply receives the information of the availability of an additional charger at a given location. . The control system 8 then establishes the map of connections for the new number and the new locations of chargers available.
    [0142] Each charger can be connected to the electric chain by a switching device 7, as long as it is only connected to one or two electric chains. The switching devices associated with the chargers and with the charging terminals then have the same electrical diagram. If the charger is connected to more than two electric strings, a dedicated switching device must be provided.
    [0143] It should be noted that, as a variant or in addition, an electric vehicle can be used as a source of energy.
    [0144] Each of the chargers 2 is equipped with power electronics equipment: current converter, energy meter, protection equipment, and communication cards with the vehicle to be loaded.
    [0145] The description above has been made for a given charging standard, for example the “Chademo” standard, a shortcut for the English expression “CHArge DE MOve”. Alternatively, this description can be made for any other charging standard, for example “Combo CCS”, or “Type 2 – Mennekes”.
    [0146] The electric chain 3 comprises several electric lines (of different voltages) whose number, physical characteristics, lengths and cable sections are determined, according to the embodiments, among other things by the type of current supplied (alternating or direct) , distances between objects, connection standards for charging vehicles, communication and IT necessary for the proper functioning of the charging system 1.
    [0147] If necessary, provision can be made for each charging terminal to be capable of charging the electric vehicle situated at this location according to several distinct charging standards. In this case, it is enough to equip the chargers and the electric chains for each standard.
    [0148] In addition, it is possible to provide a charging system capable of supplying direct current or alternating current. In this case, the chargers 2, the electrical chains 3 and the charging terminals 4, including the connection cables 11, the switching system 6 including the switching devices 7 are adapted and equipped with the associated electrical equipment.
    [0149] Additional information available to the control system 8, and used for establishing the connection map, is the vehicle load standard.
    [0150] References
    [0151] Charging system 1 Charger 2 electric chain 3 Charging station 4 Charging slot 5 Switch system 6 Switching device 7 Control system 8 Bracket 9 Case 10 Cable 11 Human Machine Interface 12 connection interface 1313 switch 14 electrical wiring 15
    权利要求:
    Claims (12)
    [0001]
    System for charging electrical devices with electrical energy comprising: . at least a first and a second charger (2), each charger being suitable for supplying instantaneous electrical energy for charging an electrical device, . an electric chain (3) connecting the first and second chargers (2), . at least a first, a second and a third charging terminal (4), each charging terminal being electrically connectable to each of the first and second chargers (2) via the electric chain (3), . a switching system (6) adapted to alternatively connect or not each charging terminal (4) to the first or to the second charger (2), . a control system (8) adapted to repeatedly control the switching system (6) to electrically connect one of the charging terminals (4) to the first charger (2) via the electrical chain (3) and a other of the charging terminals (4) to the second charger (2) via the electric chain (3).
    [0002]
    Electrical energy charging system according to claim 1, in which the control system (8) comprises a computerized reception module adapted to receive electrical device charging information comprising at least one identifier of a charging terminal (4) to which the electrical device is connected, and in which the control system (8) comprises a processor adapted to determine, in a repeated manner, a map of connections between the charging terminals (4) and the chargers (2), depending at least received charging information.
    [0003]
    Charging system according to claim 2, in which the processor is adapted to determine the map of connections from in addition other information chosen from among: - instantaneous time information provided by a clock; - Information on the time of arrival of an electrical device at a charging station (4); - information on the estimated departure time of an electrical device from the charging terminal (4); - information on the estimated duration of presence of an electrical device at a charging terminal (4); - information on the initial charge level of an electrical device; - information on the desired final charge level for an electrical device; - instantaneous charge level information for an electrical device.
    [0004]
    Charging system according to any one of Claims 1 to 3, in which the switching system (6) comprises a switching device (7) associated respectively with each charging terminal (4).
    [0005]
    Charging system according to any one of claims 1 to 4, in which the switching system (6) comprises a plurality of switching devices (7), each switching device (7) being able to alternately: - electrically connect the location (5) associated with the switching device (7) with the electric chain (3) on a first side, - electrically connect the location (5) associated with the switching device (7) with the electric chain (3) on a second side, - let the electrical energy pass without connecting the location (5) associated with the switching device (7), open the electrical chain (3).
    [0006]
    Charging system according to any one of Claims 1 to 5, in which the switching system (6) comprises a switching device (7) associated with at least one charger (2).
    [0007]
    Charging system according to one of Claims 4 to 5 and according to Claim 6, in which the switching device (7) associated with a charging terminal (4) and the switching device (7) associated with a charger (2 ) have the same electrical diagram.
    [0008]
    Charging system according to one of Claims 1 to 7, in which at least one of the chargers (2) is movable, the control system (8) being adapted to repeatedly control the switching system (6) for electrically connecting one of the charging terminals (4) to the first charger (2) via the electric chain (3) and another of the charging terminals (4) to the second charger (2) via the electric chain ( 3) depending on the location of the chargers (2).
    [0009]
    Charging system according to Claim 8, in which the mobile charger (2) is connected to the electric chain (3) via a charging terminal (4).
    [0010]
    Charging system according to Claim 8 or 9, in which the mobile charger (2) is an electric vehicle.
    [0011]
    Method of charging electrical devices with electrical energy in which, having: - at least a first and a second charger (2), each charger (2) being adapted to provide instantaneous electrical energy for charging an electrical device, - an electric chain (3) connecting the first and second chargers (2), - at least a first, a second and a third charging terminal (4), each charging terminal (4) being electrically connectable to each of the first and second chargers (2) via the electric chain (3), - a switching system (6) adapted to alternatively connect or not each charging terminal (4) to the first or to the second charger (2), a control system (8) repeatedly controls the switching system (6) to electrically connect one of the charging terminals (4) to the first charger (2) via the electric chain (3) and another of the charging terminals (4) to the second charger (2) via the electric chain (3).
    [0012]
    Computer program comprising instructions which, when the program is executed by a computer, cause the latter to implement the method according to claim 11.
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    同族专利:
    公开号 | 公开日
    EP3762251B1|2022-01-12|
    FR3095992B1|2022-01-21|
    EP3762251A1|2021-01-13|
    WO2020229439A1|2020-11-19|
    引用文献:
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    法律状态:
    2020-02-24| PLFP| Fee payment|Year of fee payment: 2 |
    2020-11-20| PLSC| Publication of the preliminary search report|Effective date: 20201120 |
    2021-01-15| TP| Transmission of property|Owner name: CHARGEPOLY, FR Effective date: 20201203 |
    2021-04-21| PLFP| Fee payment|Year of fee payment: 3 |
    优先权:
    申请号 | 申请日 | 专利标题
    FR1904994A|FR3095992B1|2019-05-14|2019-05-14|SYSTEM AND METHOD FOR CHARGING MOTOR VEHICLES WITH ELECTRIC ENERGY|
    FR1904994|2019-05-14|FR1904994A| FR3095992B1|2019-05-14|2019-05-14|SYSTEM AND METHOD FOR CHARGING MOTOR VEHICLES WITH ELECTRIC ENERGY|
    PCT/EP2020/063115| WO2020229439A1|2019-05-14|2020-05-12|System and method for electrically charging motor vehicles|
    EP20723889.0A| EP3762251B1|2019-05-14|2020-05-12|System and method for electrically charging motor vehicles|
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